:root {
  color-scheme: only light;
  --paper: #e8e5df;
  --paper-raised: rgba(248, 246, 240, 0.86);
  --ink: #171a1b;
  --muted-ink: #5f625d;
  --line: rgba(23, 26, 27, 0.17);
  --line-strong: rgba(23, 26, 27, 0.34);
  --sage: #737863;
  --sage-dark: #555b49;
  --oxide: #8a4737;
  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, Georgia, serif;
  --sans: Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --content-width: 1240px;
  --gutter: clamp(1.25rem, 4vw, 4.5rem);
  --header-height: 4.8rem;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  background-color: var(--paper);
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: calc(var(--header-height) + 1rem);
}

body {
  min-width: 320px;
  margin: 0;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--paper);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.94rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

::selection {
  color: var(--paper);
  background: var(--oxide);
}

a {
  color: inherit;
}

img {
  display: block;
  max-width: 100%;
}

:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--oxide);
  outline-offset: 5px;
}

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 100;
  top: 0.75rem;
  left: 0.75rem;
  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
  color: var(--paper);
  background: var(--ink);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  transform: translateY(-160%);
  transition: transform 160ms ease;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  transform: translateY(0);
}

#visual-canvas,
.paper-texture {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 0;
  inset: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.paper-texture {
  opacity: 0.3;
  background-image:
    radial-gradient(circle at 18% 16%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.62) 0 0.05rem, transparent 0.06rem),
    radial-gradient(circle at 72% 78%, rgba(23, 26, 27, 0.12) 0 0.035rem, transparent 0.05rem);
  background-position: 0 0, 0.4rem 0.55rem;
  background-size: 0.95rem 0.95rem, 1.15rem 1.15rem;
  mix-blend-mode: soft-light;
}

.site-header,
main,
.site-footer {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 2;
}

.site-header {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 20;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition:
    background-color 220ms ease,
    border-color 220ms ease;
}

.site-header.is-scrolled {
  border-color: var(--line);
  background: #f1eee6d6;
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px) saturate(120%);
}

.header-inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  width: min(calc(100% - (2 * var(--gutter))), var(--content-width));
  min-height: var(--header-height);
  margin-inline: auto;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.header-marks {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.72rem;
}

.site-mark {
  display: grid;
  width: 2.75rem;
  height: 2.75rem;
  place-items: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(241, 238, 230, 0.58);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition:
    border-color 180ms ease,
    background-color 180ms ease,
    transform 180ms ease;
}

.site-mark:hover {
  border-color: var(--oxide);
  background: var(--paper-raised);
  transform: rotate(-3deg);
}

.penrose-mark {
  width: 1.72rem;
  height: 1.72rem;
  overflow: visible;
}

.penrose-face-a {
  fill: var(--oxide);
}

.penrose-face-b {
  fill: var(--ink);
  opacity: 0.78;
}

.penrose-face-c {
  fill: var(--sage-dark);
  opacity: 0.86;
}

.penrose-cut {
  fill: var(--paper);
}

.header-philpeople-link {
  display: grid;
  height: 2.75rem;
  padding-left: 0.72rem;
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line);
  place-items: center;
  opacity: 0.68;
  transition:
    opacity 180ms ease,
    transform 180ms ease;
}

.header-philpeople-link:hover {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.header-philpeople-link img {
  width: auto;
  height: 2.25rem;
}

.page-section {
  width: min(calc(100% - (2 * var(--gutter))), var(--content-width));
  margin-inline: auto;
}

.hero {
  display: grid;
  min-height: 100svh;
  padding-top: calc(var(--header-height) + clamp(2.25rem, 6vh, 5rem));
  padding-bottom: clamp(3.5rem, 7vh, 6rem);
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.14fr) minmax(20rem, 0.72fr);
  align-items: center;
  gap: clamp(2rem, 7vw, 7rem);
}

.hero-copy {
  max-width: 48rem;
}

.eyebrow {
  margin: 0 0 1.15rem;
  color: var(--oxide);
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  letter-spacing: 0.17em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.hero h1 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(3.25rem, 6.6vw, 6.35rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.058em;
  line-height: 0.88;
}

.hero h1 span {
  display: block;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.hero h1 span:last-child {
  margin-left: clamp(0.75rem, 4vw, 3.5rem);
  color: var(--sage-dark);
  font-style: italic;
}

.hero-description {
  max-width: 38rem;
  margin: clamp(1.8rem, 4vh, 3rem) 0 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.1rem, 1.4vw, 1.2rem);
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.hero-description p {
  margin: 0;
}

.hero-description p + p {
  margin-top: 1rem;
}

.hero-description a {
  color: var(--oxide);
  font-weight: 600;
  text-decoration: none;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.2em;
  transition: color 180ms ease;
}

.hero-description a:hover {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.hero-actions {
  display: flex;
  width: fit-content;
  max-width: 100%;
  margin-top: clamp(1.75rem, 4vh, 2.75rem);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.6rem;
}

.hero-actions a {
  display: inline-flex;
  min-height: 0;
  padding: 0.68rem 0.88rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  background: rgba(241, 238, 230, 0.62);
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.65rem;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition:
    color 180ms ease,
    background-color 180ms ease,
    border-color 180ms ease;
}

.hero-actions a + a {
  border-left: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
}

.hero-actions a > span:last-child {
  color: var(--oxide);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  line-height: 1;
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.hero-actions strong {
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 0.015em;
}

.hero-actions a:hover {
  color: var(--paper);
  border-color: var(--ink);
  background: var(--ink);
}

.hero-actions a:hover > span:last-child {
  color: currentColor;
  transform: translate(0.15rem, 0.15rem);
}

.portrait-composition {
  width: min(100%, 29rem);
  margin: 0;
  justify-self: end;
}

.portrait-credit {
  margin: 0.6rem 0.1rem 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--sans);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.025em;
  line-height: 1.4;
  text-align: right;
  opacity: 0.8;
}

.portrait-frame {
  position: relative;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  padding: 0.65rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  background: rgba(241, 238, 230, 0.68);
  box-shadow: 0 2.3rem 5rem rgba(57, 48, 39, 0.12);
}

.portrait-frame::after {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0.65rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(241, 238, 230, 0.7);
  content: "";
  pointer-events: none;
}

.portrait-image {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: 50% 46%;
  filter: saturate(0.77) contrast(1.04) sepia(0.06);
  image-orientation: from-image;
}

.crop-mark {
  position: absolute;
  z-index: 2;
  left: -0.42rem;
  width: 2.15rem;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--oxide);
}

.crop-mark::after {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  width: 1px;
  height: 0.8rem;
  background: var(--oxide);
  content: "";
}

.crop-mark-top {
  top: 16%;
}

.crop-mark-top::after {
  top: 0;
}

.crop-mark-bottom {
  bottom: 16%;
}

.crop-mark-bottom::after {
  bottom: 0;
}

.content-section {
  padding-block: clamp(6.5rem, 12vh, 9rem);
}

.section-heading {
  display: grid;
  width: min(100%, 49rem);
  margin-bottom: clamp(3rem, 7vh, 5rem);
  grid-template-columns: 3.5rem 1fr;
  gap: 1.25rem;
}

.section-number {
  margin: 0.55rem 0 0;
  color: var(--oxide);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

.section-heading h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 4.6vw, 4.4rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.045em;
  line-height: 0.95;
}

.section-heading div > p {
  max-width: 38rem;
  margin: 1.15rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted-ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1rem, 1.4vw, 1.16rem);
}

.research-groups {
  width: min(100%, 57rem);
  margin-left: 4.75rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
}

.research-group {
  display: grid;
  padding-block: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.25rem);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  grid-template-columns: minmax(10rem, 0.72fr) minmax(0, 1.65fr);
  gap: clamp(1.5rem, 5vw, 4rem);
}

.research-group h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.4vw, 2.15rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  line-height: 1.08;
}

.research-group h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.4vw, 2.15rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  line-height: 1.08;
}

.work-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.work-list > li + li {
  margin-top: 1.8rem;
  padding-top: 1.8rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.work-meta {
  display: flex;
  margin-bottom: 0.55rem;
  color: var(--muted-ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  text-transform: none;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.work-meta span + span::before {
  margin-right: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--oxide);
  content: "/";
}

.work-copy h4 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.12rem, 1.6vw, 1.38rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.25;
}

.work-copy > p {
  margin: 0.45rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted-ink);
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.publication-title {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration-color: var(--line-strong);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.2em;
}

.publication-title:hover {
  color: var(--oxide);
}

.work-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: flex-start;
  margin-top: 0.85rem;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.work-detail {
  min-width: 0;
}

.work-detail[open] {
  flex-basis: 100%;
}

.work-detail summary {
  width: fit-content;
  padding-bottom: 0.12rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  cursor: pointer;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  list-style: none;
}

.work-detail summary::-webkit-details-marker {
  display: none;
}

.work-detail summary::after {
  margin-left: 0.4rem;
  color: var(--oxide);
  content: "+";
}

.work-detail[open] summary::after {
  content: "−";
}

.work-detail-panel {
  max-width: 42rem;
  margin-top: 0.8rem;
  padding: 1rem 1.1rem;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--oxide);
  background: var(--paper-raised);
}

.work-detail-panel p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted-ink);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.citation-text {
  user-select: text;
}

.teaching-section {
  padding-bottom: clamp(7rem, 15vh, 11rem);
}

.teaching-grid {
  display: grid;
  width: min(100%, 58rem);
  margin-left: 4.75rem;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1rem;
}

.teaching-card {
  min-height: 20rem;
  padding: clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2.35rem);
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  background: var(--paper-raised);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
}

.card-index {
  margin: 0 0 clamp(2.75rem, 5vw, 4.5rem);
  color: var(--oxide);
  font-size: 0.65rem;
  font-weight: 750;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

.teaching-card h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2.2vw, 1.9rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  line-height: 1.1;
}

.course-role {
  margin: 0.65rem 0 1.25rem;
  color: var(--oxide);
  font-size: 0.68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.teaching-card > p:not(.card-index, .course-role) {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--muted-ink);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
}

.teaching-card ul {
  margin: 1.5rem 0 0;
  padding: 1.1rem 0 0 1rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
}

.teaching-card li + li {
  margin-top: 0.3rem;
}

.teaching-card-wide {
  min-height: auto;
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
}

.teaching-card-wide .card-index {
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.teaching-interests {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
  gap: 0.55rem;
}

.teaching-interests span {
  padding: 0.48rem 0.72rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  border-radius: 99rem;
  background: rgba(241, 238, 230, 0.62);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
}

.site-footer {
  display: grid;
  width: min(calc(100% - (2 * var(--gutter))), var(--content-width));
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-block: 2.5rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  color: var(--muted-ink);
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto auto;
  align-items: end;
  gap: 2rem;
  font-size: 0.72rem;
}

.site-footer p {
  margin: 0;
}

.site-footer div p:first-child {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 1rem;
}

.site-footer a {
  text-underline-offset: 0.22rem;
}

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(17rem, 0.72fr);
    gap: clamp(1.5rem, 5vw, 4rem);
  }

  .hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(3rem, 7vw, 5rem);
  }

}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  :root {
    --header-height: 4.25rem;
  }

  body {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }

  .site-header.is-scrolled {
    background: rgba(232, 229, 223, 0.96);
    backdrop-filter: none;
  }

  .paper-texture {
    opacity: 0.16;
    mix-blend-mode: normal;
  }

  #visual-canvas {
    opacity: 0.68;
  }

  .hero {
    min-height: auto;
    padding-top: calc(var(--header-height) + 3.25rem);
    padding-bottom: 5rem;
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2.25rem;
  }

  .hero-copy {
    display: contents;
  }

  .hero h1 {
    order: 1;
    font-size: clamp(3rem, 14vw, 5rem);
    letter-spacing: -0.045em;
    line-height: 0.98;
  }

  .hero h1 span:last-child {
    margin-left: 0.35rem;
  }

  .hero-description {
    order: 3;
    margin-top: 0.35rem;
    font-size: 1rem;
    line-height: 1.62;
  }

  .hero-description p + p {
    margin-top: 1.15rem;
  }

  .portrait-composition {
    order: 2;
    width: min(84%, 21rem);
    margin-top: 0;
    justify-self: center;
  }

  .hero-actions {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .hero-actions a {
    flex: 1 1 8rem;
    justify-content: center;
  }

  .content-section {
    padding-block: 6rem;
  }

  .section-heading {
    grid-template-columns: 2rem 1fr;
    gap: 0.75rem;
  }

  .research-groups,
  .teaching-grid {
    width: 100%;
    margin-left: 0;
  }

  .research-group {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1.5rem;
  }

  .teaching-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .teaching-card-wide {
    grid-column: auto;
  }

  .site-footer {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    align-items: start;
    gap: 0.75rem;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }

  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    scroll-behavior: auto !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
  }
}

@media print {
  #visual-canvas,
  .paper-texture,
  .site-header,
  .skip-link {
    display: none;
  }

  body {
    color: #000;
    background: #fff;
  }

  .hero {
    min-height: auto;
  }

  .content-section {
    padding-block: 3rem;
  }
}
.teaching-years {
  width: min(100%, 57rem);
  margin-left: 4.75rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
}

.teaching-year-group {
  display: grid;
  padding-block: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.25rem);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line-strong);
  grid-template-columns: minmax(7rem, 0.52fr) minmax(0, 1.85fr);
  gap: clamp(1.5rem, 5vw, 4rem);
}

.teaching-year-group > h3 {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--oxide);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.3rem, 2.1vw, 1.75rem);
  font-weight: 400;
}

.course-list {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 1.5rem;
}

.course-entry {
  padding-left: 0.4rem;
}

.course-entry + .course-entry {
  margin-top: 1.8rem;
  padding-top: 1.8rem;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.course-entry::marker {
  color: var(--oxide);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.course-entry h4 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(1.2rem, 1.8vw, 1.55rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.course-institution {
  margin: 0.15rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted-ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.course-role-cycle {
  margin: 0.55rem 0 0;
  color: var(--muted-ink);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.06em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .teaching-years {
    width: 100%;
    margin-left: 0;
  }

  .teaching-year-group {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 1.25rem;
  }
}

.work-meta span:first-child {
  color: var(--oxide);
}
.work-collaborators {
  font-family: var(--serif);
}

.work-collaborators a {
  text-decoration-color: var(--line-strong);
  text-underline-offset: 0.18em;
}

.work-collaborators a:hover {
  color: var(--oxide);
}

.work-copy > .work-description {
  margin-top: 0.7rem;
}
.hero h1 {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: clamp(2.7rem, 5vw, 4.8rem);
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: 400;
}

.hero h1 span,
.hero h1 span:last-child {
  color: inherit;
  font-family: inherit;
  font-style: normal;
  font-weight: inherit;
}

@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 11vw, 4rem);
  }
}

.header-nav {
  display: flex;
  margin-left: auto;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 1.4rem;
}

.header-nav a {
  position: relative;
  padding: 0.75rem 0;
  color: var(--oxide);
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 650;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.header-nav a::after {
  position: absolute;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0.5rem;
  left: 0;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--oxide);
  content: "";
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.header-nav a:hover::after,
.header-nav a:focus-visible::after {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .header-inner {
    gap: 0.7rem;
  }

  .header-marks {
    gap: 0.45rem;
  }

  .site-mark {
    width: 2.35rem;
    height: 2.35rem;
  }

  .penrose-mark {
    width: 1.45rem;
    height: 1.45rem;
  }

  .header-philpeople-link {
    height: 2.35rem;
    padding-left: 0.5rem;
  }

  .header-philpeople-link img {
    height: 1.85rem;
  }

  .header-nav {
    gap: 0.65rem;
  }

  .header-nav a {
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    white-space: nowrap;
  }
}
.work-copy > .publication-award {
  margin-top: 0.55rem;
  color: var(--muted-ink);
  font-family: var(--serif);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-style: italic;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.publication-award a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration-color: var(--line-strong);
  text-underline-offset: 0.18em;
}

.publication-award a:hover {
  color: var(--oxide);
}